Lorenzo Mascheroni (1750-1800) was an Italian mathematician and physicist. In 1797, he published La Geometria del Compasso, in which he proved that all Euclidean constructions can be accomplished using only a compass. Mascheroni dedicated this book to Napoleon Bonaparte, who, he knew, possessed an interest in geometry.
One of Mascheroni’s constructions with its accompanying diagram:
The images above are provided courtesy of Columbia University Libraries, George Arthur Plimpton Collection.