Biographical Sketch of Lazare Carnot
The Science Of Machines:
Summary of Essai sur les machines en général
Geometric motions
Moment-of-Momentum
Moment-of-Activity – The concept of work
Practical conclusions
The Development Of Carnot's Mechanics
Argument of the 1778 Memoir on theory of machines
Argument of the 1780 Memoir
Argument of the Principes fondamentaux de l'équilibre et du mouvement (1803)
Comparing the work of Sadi Carnot
The Carnot Approach And The Mechanics Of Work And Power, 1803–1829
Early engineering mechanics
Applied mechanics
The concept of work
An Engineering Justification Of Algebra And The Calculus
Geometric analysis and the problem of negative quantity
The compensation of error in infinitesimal analysis
Analysis and synthesis
History And Historiography Sadi Carnot’s Thermodynamics
A historical excursus
On the science of Sadi Carnot’s time: the mechanics
On the science of Sadi Carnot’s time: the theory of heat
Toward physical mathematical theories
A Historiographycal excursus
On Sadi Carnot’s historiography
On the methodology used to investigate Sadi Carnot’s science
On specificity and scientificity in historical discourse
On interpretation in historical discourse
On categories in history of science
Biographical sketch of Sadi Carnot
Notes on the philological aspects of Réflexions sur la puissance motrice du feu
On Sadi Carnot’s studies at École Polytechnique
An index ad hoc of Réflexions sur la puissance motrice du feu
On Principles In Sadi Carnot’s Thermodynamics
An outline of the problem of history and logics
On the mathematics
On the physics
On the physics mathematics
On logics and structure
Sadi Carnot’s theory and its logical organization
On DNSs and logical investigation
The distribution of DNSs in Sadi Carnot’s book
The possible theoretical roles played by a DNS
Sadi Carnot’s arguments through his DNSs
Reconstruction of arguments and some cycles of reasoning expressed by DNSs
Sadi Carnot’s thermodynamics as PO theory. Its non–classical logic and its central problem
On Sadi Carnot’s theory: a case–study
Which and how many principles did Sadi Carnot express in his Réflexions sur la Puissance Motrice du Feu?
DNSs and mathematics in Sadi Carnot’s theory
Final remarks
What Are The Scientific Roots Of Sadi Carnot’s Cycle?
An outline of the problem
A comparative analysis: Volta’s battery and Sadi Carnot’s heat machine
An analogy between heat fluid and electric fluid
An analogy between the cycle of electric fluid and the cycle on heat states
An analogy between heat work and electrical work
On the analogy between thermodynamics and electrostatics according to Mach’s investigations
Other kind of analogies
On the birth of electricity and thermodynamic theories
On the caloric and entropy
Final remarks
Historical Epistemology Of Thermodynamics. The Mathematics In Sadi Carnot’s Theory
An outline of the problem
A book of physics without mathematics?
The calculations and historical interpretation of the mathematical footnote
The “suppression” of adiabatic curves in Sadi Carnot’s cycle
Why Sadi Carnot “supprime” the adiabatic curves?
A possible solution. Lazare’s synthetic method
The synthetic method in Réflexions sur la puissance motrice du feu
The mathematical character of the footnote
How did Sadi Carnot use his adiabatic equation? A possible calculation
A reflection on modern calculation of efficiency
Final Remarks
Studies And Heritage of Réflexions sur la Puissance Motrice du Feu
An outline of the problem
La théorie analytique de la chaleur, Reflections on Fourier and Lamé
On Fourier’s Théorie analytique de la chaleur (1822)
On Lamé’s Leçons sur la théorie analytique de la chaleur (1861)
Final remarks on Fourier and Lamé’s theories
Theoretical advancements on caloric theory in Sadi Carnot’s work
On dynamical effects of heat by Ferdnand Reech (1853)
On cycles and equivalent mechanic of heat
On a comparative analyses between Paul de Saint–Robert’s Principes de Thermodynamique (1865) and Sadi Carnot’s Réflexions sur la puissance motrice du feu (1824)
On Paul de Saint–Robert
Historical analysis of Principes de Thermodynamique (1865)
Final Remarks On The Scientific Relationship between Père et Fils
An outline of the problem
A hypothesis on structure of scientific parentage
On the lost Newtonian paradigm
On the constraints and production of work
On the machine en général and its working substance
On the analogy between hydraulic and heat machines
On the efficiency of a machine
On the impossibility of perpetual motion
On the synthetic method
On the principle of virtual work
On the principle of virtual work and the interactions
On the principle of virtual work and the state equations
Scholars, formulas, experiments and sources cited by Sadi Carnot in his Works
On the equivalence of work–heat
On the cycle and reversibility of a machine
Final remarks a mò of conclusions
Appendix to Chapter VII
References
Index.